Lesson 4 - Read the Sky

Key Takeaways:

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• Common Cloud Types:

  • Cumulus: Fluffy, fair weather.

  • Stratus: Low, grey layers = drizzle/fog.

  • Cirrus: High wispy clouds, often pre-frontal.

  • Cumulonimbus: Storm clouds, heavy rain, lightning.

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• Cloud Progression = Weather Clues:

  • Cirrus thickening into altostratus = warm front approaching.

  • Growing cumulus = instability and potential storms.

  • Darkening, low clouds = precipitation or squall ahead.

  • Sudden base drops = rain likely.

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• Identifying Fronts:

  • Warm Front: Gradual cloud buildup, steady rain, wind shift.

  • Cold Front: Sharp edge, dramatic cloud line, squalls, wind reversal.

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• Sky-Based Weather Signs:

  • Halos: Moisture high in atmosphere = front approaching.

  • Mackerel Sky/Mare’s Tails: Change within 24–48 hours.

  • Red Sky at Night: Stable air, high pressure moving in.

  • Rainbow in Morning: Rain approaching; in evening = clearing.

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• Sky Awareness Tips:

  • Track cloud movement over time.

  • Note direction of clouds and changes.

  • Combine visual signs with instruments and forecast.